Nkhani

Opaleshoni yamoyo ndi njira yofunikira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu pakalipano, koma pali zoopsa zazikulu zachitetezo pakugwira ntchito, zomwe zidzawopsyeze kwambiri kukhazikika kwa dongosolo lamagetsi ndi miyoyo ya ogwira ntchito.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera poyendetsa mzere wamoyo.Ndikofunikira kutsata chitukuko chaukadaulo wamagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito mzere kuti mugwire ntchito yabwino pakufufuza ndi chitukuko cha zida, kukwaniritsa zosowa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi amoyo, kupereka chitetezo chokwanira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika chamakampani opanga magetsi. .

Pozindikira mizere yopatsirana ndi boma, kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yamoyo kumatha kupewa kukhudzidwa kwa ntchito yodziwikiratu pakugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yamagetsi ikugwira ntchito.Komabe, ntchito yamoyo ndi njira yolimba yaukadaulo.Pamene dera likugwirabe ntchito panthawiyi, pangakhale chiopsezo cha kugwedezeka kwa magetsi, yomwe ndi yoopsa kwambiri yogwirira ntchito [1].Ngati ntchitoyo siili yoyenera pakugwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito, magetsi a m'madera, ntchito yotumizira ndi kupanga zina ndi moyo zidzakhudzidwa.Ngati wogwiritsa ntchitoyo alephera kugwiritsa ntchito kapena ali ndi vuto ndi chidacho, adzalandira kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwamagetsi ndikuyika moyo wawo pachiswe.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa magawo ofunikira aukadaulo ndikusankha zida zoyenera zogwirira ntchito yamoyo chifukwa cha ngozi yodziwikiratu ya ntchito yamoyo.Chidacho chiyenera kukumana ndi kutalika kocheperako, makamaka kwa 1000kV high voltage AC circuits, chidacho chiyenera kupereka chitetezo chokwanira kwa woyendetsa.

1. Kuwunika zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zachitetezo pakugwira ntchito kwa chingwe chopatsirana

Kuopsa kwa malo ogwira ntchito.Monga momwe ntchito yopatsirana yamoyo imakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu, kotero ngati malo a malo ali ovuta kwambiri, adzawonjezera chiopsezo pa ntchitoyo.Mwachitsanzo, nyengo yozungulira, mtunda, mizere yolumikizirana, magalimoto ndi zovuta zina zidzakhudza chitukuko cha ntchito zamoyo.Chifukwa chake, asanayambe ntchito yamoyo, ogwira ntchito amayenera kuyang'ana zomwe zikuchitika, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamalowo, kuti apange dongosolo loyenera lantchito.Mwachitsanzo, kuchita ntchito yabwino nyengo kulosera ndi okonzeka ndi anemometer ndi zipangizo zina kumvetsa chilengedwe pa malo, kupewa ntchito mphepo yamphamvu, mvula yamphamvu, matalala ndi zinthu zina, monga nyengo kwambiri mu ndondomeko ya ntchito kusiya moyo. ntchito.

Nkhani zoyendetsera zida.Kutetezedwa kwachitetezo cha malo otumizira, osati ntchito yodzitchinjiriza yokha, komanso kudzera mu kasamalidwe ka zida kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo cha ntchito yamoyo.Komabe, ambiri ogwira ntchito alibe chidziwitso cha kayendetsedwe ka zida, kusowa kwa kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse ndi kukonza zida, zosavuta kutsogolera ku ukalamba wa zida ndi kuwonongeka, motero zimakhudza chitetezo cha ntchito;Kachiwiri, palinso kusowa kwa dongosolo la kasamalidwe ka zida zangwiro, zida zopanda chidziwitso changwiro, komanso kusowa kwa chidziwitso chowunikira chida chisanachitike, chomwe ndi chosavuta kuyambitsa zoopsa zobisika pantchito.

Zobisika zobisika za ntchito yamoyo.Pakadali pano, zida zonse zogwirira ntchito ndi zida zotchinjiriza, kuchuluka kwa zida zopangira zida kumatsimikizira momwe chidacho chimakhalira.Komabe, zida zina zimatha kukhala ndi zotchingira zosakhazikika komanso zowonongeka, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa ngozi panthawi yogwira ntchito.Palinso zida zina zomwe sizinapangidwe bwino, zomwe sizingakwaniritse ntchito yabwino, sizingafanane ndi momwe zimakhalira, zingayambitse ngozi zachitetezo.

Zida zatsopano zazitsulo zamakono zogwirira ntchito

2.1 Zida zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito moyo

Popeza mizere yotumizira uHV ndi UHV imakhala ndi giredi yayikulu kwambiri, mizere yayikulu, kugawanika kwa waya, komanso kutalika kwa zingwe zotchingira ndi matani, zofunikira kwambiri zimayikidwa patsogolo pazida zogwirira ntchito [2].Nthawi zambiri, kutalika kocheperako kothandiza kwa mzerewo kumayenera kusankhidwa.Mwachitsanzo, chida chonyamulira waya chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za tonnage yaikulu ndi kutsekemera kofewa kwa katundu wa mzere.Zokonza zitsulo ziyeneranso kuphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a dera kuti akonze dongosolo la chida kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakugwira ntchito ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yogwira ntchito.Pakalipano, chida cholimba cha waya chokhala ndi hydraulic transmission device chapangidwa.

Pakusankhidwa kwa zida pansi pakugwira ntchito kwamoyo, choyamba, kumafunika kukhala ndi kutsekereza kwakukulu, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamtundu wamagetsi, komanso kukana kwanyengo;Kachiwiri, chidacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zamakina kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zogwirira ntchito za waya wozungulira wa uHV, kulemera kwakufa kwazitsulo ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtunda wa mzere, kuti zisawonongeke zowonongeka kwa zipangizo zogwirira ntchito.Pofuna kukonza kusinthasintha kwa zomangamanga, zida zogwirira ntchito zamoyo ziyenera kukhala zopepuka.Mwachitsanzo, kuti athe kuthana ndi zingwe zotchingira utali wosiyanasiyana, zida zothandizira ziyenera kukhala zazikulu kutalika komanso zomveka bwino, koma ziyeneranso kuwongolera kulemera kwa zida kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamayendedwe osavuta komanso kusanja kwa magwiridwe antchito. .Pomaliza, zida zina zapadera ziyenera kukhala zosunthika kwambiri.

2.2 Chingwe cholendewera chowongolera U-bolt kudzaza ndi chida chomangitsa

Kufala mizere molunjika akulendewera achepetsa U bawuti kumangitsa zida olimba analowa chipangizo kufala, kuphatikizapo kumbuyo dzanja kutembenukira chogwirira ntchito, gulu kutchinjiriza ndodo, kufala chipangizo cha chida akhoza 180 ° kasinthasintha kuyimitsidwa, ndi ndi lamanja yosungirako wapadera, bawuti mu Chida chomangira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, manja apadera a bawuti mkati amatha kuyika mu bawuti, khushoni ya masika, mphasa yathyathyathya, Fikirani bolt ndi ntchito yodzaza kutali.Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera ntchito, vuto la kumasula ndi kugwa kwa u-bolt wa kondakitala overhang clip mu mphamvu yamagetsi imatha kuthetsedwa.Pambuyo powonjezera u-bolt, chipangizo chowongolera chidacho chingasinthidwe ndi wrench yozungulira yozungulira kuti zitsimikizire kuti boltyo yakhazikika.

Chidachi chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta ogwiritsira ntchito, osinthika komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba powonjezera ndi kumangiriza u-bolt wa clip clip.Zida zopangira insulation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chidacho, chomwe chingatsimikizire chitetezo ndi momwe ntchito yamoyo imagwirira ntchito kwambiri ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi zamagetsi pantchito yamoyo.Kupatula apo, imakhala yosunthika bwino ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito nyengo iliyonse [3].Kupyolera mu zowonjezera za malo a band band, kulephera kwa mphamvu kwakanthawi kungapewedwe, chitetezo cha ntchito chikhoza kutsimikiziridwa, kudalirika kwa mzerewu kumatha kutsimikiziridwa mokulirapo, ndipo phindu lapamwamba lazachuma ndi chikhalidwe likhoza kupangidwa.

2.3 Chida chopopera mankhwala chamagetsi chamitundumitundu

Chidacho chimakhala ndi mutu wa opaleshoni, chipangizo chotetezera ma telescopic, ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito, yomwe mutu wogwiritsira ntchito umagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera cha clamping, chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito chipangizo cha telescopic, ndipo kenako chimayendetsedwa ndi manipulator kumbuyo. kuti mugwiritse ntchito thanki mkati mwa chipangizo chotsekera kuti zinthu zoletsa kuwononga zigwiritsidwe ntchito pafupi ndi chidacho.Chidachi chingathenso kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ntchito ya moyo, zimatha kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ili kutali, kuti ikwaniritse ntchito yosalunjika.Ikhoza kuthetsa bwino kuwonongeka kwa chilolezo chofanana, kuyaka, kuwonongeka kwa zopangira golide ndi kuwonongeka kwa nyundo yowopsya, ndipo ikhoza kukonzedwa ndi magetsi.Pogwiritsa ntchito chida ichi angagwiritsidwe ntchito chilengedwe hydrophobic, malizitsani zida zamagetsi ndi nthaka kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuonetsetsa bata la zida mphamvu.

2.4 Multi-angle tensioning drainage mbale bawuti yomangira chida

Pali mayendedwe ambiri a ma bolts omangika, kuphatikiza mayendedwe odutsa, njira yopingasa, mayendedwe amsewu ndi zina zotero.Pachifukwa ichi, matembenuzidwe atatu amayikidwa pa wrench, yomwe mutu wokhotakhota ukhoza kuzunguliridwa mozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito manja.Kuti musinthe Angle, chida chamakono chikhoza kuzunguliridwa mozungulira ndi 180 °;Malingana ndi momwe ntchito yeniyeni yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito, chidachi chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamakona angapo ndi mfundo zambiri kuti athetse vuto la kusagwirizana pakati pa ma angles a bolt ndi ma sleeve.Pakutembenuka kwapakati, sipana ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozungulira ma angle angapo, sinthani momwe dzanja lamanja limakhalira pa sipanishi, kuthetsa bwino zofunikira za torque ya bawuti, kukwaniritsa zosowa za bawuti pamzere.Chidacho chimathetsanso kufunika kwa mtunda wotetezeka wa ngalande.Polumikiza malo ozungulira pansi ndi chiwongolero cha insulated, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukankha ndi kukoka lever kuti azungulire mkono, womwe umazungulira mabawuti a mbale.Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chida ichi kumapangitsa kuti malo ogwirira ntchito azikhala bwino, ndikuwonetsetsa zofunikira zazitsulo zomangira mawaya ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana za mbale yothamanga.

2.5 Zida zoteteza zitsulo

Kupanga zida zotchingira zitsulo zogwirira ntchito zamoyo ziyenera kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a magawo a insulator.Popeza kuchuluka kwa zingwe zotchingira za mizere ya UHV nthawi zambiri kumakhala 210 ~ 550kN, zotengera zotetezedwa ziyenera kukhala 60 ~ 145kN malinga ndi kapangidwe kake [4].Pakadali pano, m'mizere yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi, zowongolera zachitsulo zowongoka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimaphatikizapo mtundu wa I, mtundu wa V ndi zingwe ziwiri, ndipo chingwe cha insulator chomangira chimaphatikizapo zotsekera pawiri kapena ma disc ambiri.Zida zosinthira ma insulator zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe za insulator ndi mawonekedwe a zolumikizira.Kupyolera mu ntchito zitsulo fixture akhoza bwino kumaliza kulanda tonnage ntchito, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ogwira ntchito m'munda.Kwa zida zazikulu zazitsulo za tonnage, chinthu chachikulu chimakhala ndi titaniyamu alloy ndipo chimakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yodulira.Kuti muthandizire kutumiza bwino kwa waya, chowongoleracho chimaphatikizanso mawaya a hydraulic ndi makina kuti akwaniritse zosowa za ndodo zobweza ndi zobweza.

3. Kafukufuku wam'tsogolo ndi chitukuko cha zida zotumizira

Panopa kunyumba homuweki mu mizere kufala uhv zambiri kafukufuku, chida chatsopano akhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa za ntchito kumunda, kuphatikizapo kuyenda waya, waya anayendera, zida equipotential zitsulo, monga ntchito ya chida zambiri mabuku, ndi poganizira 800 kv dc high tension line charged job, zida zogwirira ntchito zilinso ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri.Pakafukufuku wamtsogolo, tiyenera kupitiriza kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wa zida ndi chitukuko cha madera okwera, kuphunzira mozama makhalidwe a mzere wa madera okwera kwambiri, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zotetezera chitetezo cha moyo.M'pofunika kupitiriza kulimbikitsa kafukufuku mkulu mphamvu zosinthika insulating zipangizo ndi kusinthasintha kwambiri insulating zida zonyamula.Pakafukufuku wa zida zama equipotential, kafukufuku wa zida zopepuka komanso zamakina ayenera kulimbikitsidwa kuti apititse patsogolo luntha la zida zodziwira.Pazida zogwirira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuti mupitirize kuphunzira ntchito ya ma helikopita ndi zida zina pakugwira ntchito, komanso kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wamakina ena akuluakulu kuti atsimikizire momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera.

Kufotokozera mwachidule, ntchito yoteteza iyenera kuchitidwa bwino panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zingwe zotumizira, ndipo ogwira ntchito ayenera kusankha zida zoyenera zowonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chikugwira ntchito.Ochita kafukufuku ndi chitukuko akuyenera kusanthula bwino momwe ntchito ikuyendera, kuchita kafukufuku ndi chitukuko kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zomwe zikuchitika panopa, ndikuyang'ana zamtsogolo, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha njira zatsopano zotumizira ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito mizere yamoyo m'malo opatsirana pamtunda wapamwamba. , kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ogwira ntchito.